Irish Parliament controlled by Protestant Ascendancy (C of I only 15% and most of the land) Penal laws left Catholics poor and uneducated. Tithes still had to be paid. The influence of the American and French revolutions The Society of United Irishmen Wolfe Tone (Dublin, Anglican Trinity barrister admired French Rev) 1791 Tone and Belfast Presbyterians formed the UI Aim: Catholic and Protestant together would end British interference in Ireland 1793 War with France. British Gov afraid of Ireland. The UI was banned. Now a rebellion and a republic was the only way. Tone escaped to America and then to France to get help. 1796 General Hoche and Bantry Bay storms. The Rising General Lake’s repression in Ulster and Leinster. House burning flogging, pitch capping and half hanging Spies and informers led to the arrest of the leaders, including Lord Edward Fitzgerald The Rising in Dublin and the surrounding counties was easily put down Wexford: Actions of Yeomen (part-time) and Militia (full-time) provoked rising. Father Murphy won at Oulart Hill, Enniscorthy and freed Bagenal Harvey in Wexford Important defeat at New Ross Atrocity at Scullabogue Final defeat at Vinegar Hill. Ulster: Henry Joy McCracken defeated in Antrim and Henry Munro defeated in Down. The End: Tone arrived in Lough Swilly. Sentenced to hang and committed suicide. Results
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